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North Korea

Page with all the IPSEs stored in the archive related to North Korea.
The IPSEs are presented in chronological order based on when the IPSEs have been pronounced.

“Pyongyang presumably notified Tokyo of the impending launch because the rocket may fly over Japanese territory, and the Kim regime wants to claim it is conducting a legitimate space program. But the notification does not appear to meet international standards, and any North Korean satellite launch is illegal under UN Security Council resolutions that ban North Korean ballistic missile tests.”

author
Professor at Ewha University in Seoul
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“The main message is that [Kim Ju Ae, North Korean leader's daughter] sort of like a symbol of power because the first time she appeared was near missiles, and missiles are probably the biggest symbol of North Korea's military. The idea is, look how stable we are. No one can attack us because we have these missiles … and our system can last for another generation.”

author
Author of 'North Korea before Kim Il Sung', Seoul-based historian and leading North Korea scholar
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“The more the enemies are dead set on staging nuclear war exercises and the more nuclear assets they deploy in the vicinity of the Korean peninsula, the stronger the exercise of our right to self-defence will become in direct proportion to them.”

author
North Korean politician serving as the Deputy Director of the United Front Department of the Workers' Party of Korea
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“The days of North Korea disguising ICBM activity as satellite launches were long-gone. Kim's blatant violations of UN Security Council resolutions showed that his goal was to make North Korea a full-fledged nuclear power and demand concessions from other countries.”

author
Professor at Ewha University in Seoul
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“This is a significant breakthrough for the North Koreans, but not an unexpected one. Because these missiles are fuelled at the time of manufacture and are thus ready to use as needed, they will be much more rapidly useable in a crisis or conflict, depriving South Korea and the United States of valuable time that could be useful to preemptively hunt and destroy such missiles.”

author
Stanton Senior Fellow in the Nuclear Policy Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
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“A new type of intercontinental ballistic missile was test fired on Thursday as the key means of strategic military force. The Hwasong-18 weapons system to be run by the country's strategic forces would play its mission and role to defend (North Korea), deter invasions and preserve the country's safety as its most powerful method.”

author
Report by North's Korean Central News Agency (KCNA)
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“The underwater nuclear attack drone Haeil-2 … cruised 1,000km [621 miles] of simulated underwater distance. The test perfectly proved the reliability of the underwater strategic weapon system and its fatal attack ability.”

author
Report by North's Korean Central News Agency (KCNA)
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“We should never be satisfied with the work to consolidate the thoroughgoing response posture of our nuclear force and should continuously strive to strengthen nuclear force steadily.”

author
Leader of North Korea
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“Saying that they will surely annihilate the enemy if they fight it, the commander of the unit resolved to thoroughly have the ability to fully carry out its duty of fire assault any time by further intensifying the training of every fire assault company.”

author
Report by Korean Central News Agency
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“More missile launches with variations in style and scope should be expected, with even a nuclear test. More acts of intimidation from North Korea should not come as a surprise.”

author
Retired South Korean army general
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“His [Kim Jong Un] concluding speech based on profound originality and scientific accuracy is a weapon of change that provided a springboard for an epochal leap in pushing forward with the gigantic process for implementing the programme for rural revolution in the new era.”

author
Report by North's Korean Central News Agency (KCNA)
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“He [Kim Jong Un] expressed the fixed determination and will of the Party Central Committee to bring about a revolutionary turn in the agricultural production without fail, saying that nothing is impossible as long as the strong leadership system is established in the whole Party and there is the united might of all the people.”

author
Report by North's Korean Central News Agency (KCNA)
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“Tension on the peninsula is likely to reach its peak in coming months as North Korea is accelerating its military actions with higher frequency, and her [Kim Yo Jong's] statement indicates that it would continue impromptu missile tests using the Pacific as its shooting range.”

author
Professor at the University of North Korean Studies
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“You have to keep in mind that if they only care about defending themselves, they don't need tactical nukes. Their existing nuclear forces are sufficiently large to provide absolutely reliable deterrence, so what they are doing now is for offensive operations - for attack. Not now. Maybe many decades later, maybe never. But they have passed the defensive stage and they are actually now getting weapons whose only conceivable task is to be used as tools for aggression.”

author
Professor at Seoul's Kookmin University
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“We are carefully examining the influence it would exert on the security of our state. The frequency of using the Pacific as our firing range depends upon the US forces.”

author
North Korean politician serving as the Deputy Director of the United Front Department of the Workers' Party of Korea
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“I warn that we will watch every movement of the enemy and take corresponding and very powerful and overwhelming counteraction against its every move hostile to us.”

author
North Korean politician serving as the Deputy Director of the United Front Department of the Workers' Party of Korea
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“The surprise ICBM (intercontinental ballistic missile) launching drill … is an actual proof of the DPRK strategic nuclear force's consistent efforts to turn its capacity of fatal nuclear counterattack on the hostile forces into the irresistible one.”

author
Statement by Korean Central News Agency
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“Such parades largely serve to justify Kim's policies to a domestic political audience. The regime has staked its legitimacy on nuclear weapons at the expense of diplomacy and the economy. The message Pyongyang wants to send internationally, demonstrating its capabilities to deter and coerce, will likely come in the form of solid-fuel missile tests and detonation of a miniaturised nuclear device.”

author
Professor at Ewha University in Seoul
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“The North appears to take a two-track approach in implementing this year's policy goals - strengthening defense capabilities and enhancing people's livelihoods.”

author
Professor at the University of North Korean Studies
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“I express serious concern over the US escalating the war situation by providing Ukraine with military hardware for ground offensive. The US is the arch criminal which poses serious threat and challenge to the strategic security of Russia and pushes the regional situation to the present grave phase. I do not doubt that any military hardware the US and the West boast of will be burnt into pieces in the face of the indomitable fighting spirit and might of the heroic Russian army and people. North Korea will always stand in the same trench with Russia.”

author
North Korean politician serving as the Deputy Director of the United Front Department of the Workers' Party of Korea
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“The U.S. intelligence community assesses that KJU [Kim Jong-un] views nuclear weapons as the ultimate deterrent against foreign intervention. KJU declared last year that he would be willing to employ nukes more broadly in wartime, and last September, he stated unequivocally that he would never give up his nukes and the North Korea's status as a nuclear weapons state is irreversible. We must not relax sanctions or reduce joint military exercises just to get North Korea to come to the negotiating table. This is a fool's error. While we hope for diplomacy with North Korea to be successful, we must recognize that hope alone is not a course of action. The quest for dialogue with the North must never be made at the expense of the ability to respond to threats from the North.”

author
Former United States Ambassador to South Korea
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“This year could be a year of crisis with military tension on the Korean peninsula going beyond what it was like in 2017. North Korea's hardline stance … and aggressive weapons development when met with South Korea-US joint exercises and proportional response could raise the tension in a flash, and we cannot rule out what's similar to a regional conflict when the two sides have a misunderstanding of the situation.”

author
Senior researcher at the state-run Korea Institute for National Unification
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“Compared with Kim's previous New Year's remarks, which highlighted the country's economic growth, he emphasized strengthening the military and nuclear weapons this time. A nuclear test is expected soon to back up his message. The prediction that North Korea would push ahead with a nuclear test before the midterms in the United States in November was wrong, perhaps because it ignored the North's politics. If the past is any guide, North Korea conducted nuclear tests on or just prior to politically meaningful days. If the North does not conduct a test in January or February, it could be delayed to July 27, the anniversary of the Korean War armistice signing, which is called 'the Day of Victory in the Great Fatherland Liberation War' in North Korea, or later.”

author
Director of the Center for North Korean Studies at the Sejong Institute
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“We can confirm that North Korea has completed an initial arms delivery to Wagner, which paid for that equipment. Last month, North Korea delivered infantry rockets and missiles into Russia for use by Wagner.”

author
Pentagon spokesman
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“South Korea will seek international support and try hard to impose additional sanctions on us. But, with our right to survival and development being threatened, why are we afraid of sanctions … and why would we stop?”

author
North Korean politician serving as the Deputy Director of the United Front Department of the Workers' Party of Korea
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“Pyongyang's claim of testing a solid-fuel motor for longer range ballistic missiles supports its more aggressive, recently declared doctrine of using nuclear weapons if the Kim leadership or strategic assets come under threat. Once deployed, the technology would make North Korea's nuclear forces more versatile, survivable, and dangerous.”

author
Professor at Ewha University in Seoul
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“The current diplomatic impasse is clearly due to North Korea's disinterest in talks with the U.S. and South Korea, which seems in part because North Korea wants to signal that the complete, verifiable, irreversible denuclearization (CVID) of North Korea is off the negotiation table. But if North Korea's internal and/or external (particularly with respect to China and Russia) environment changes, there could be a window of opportunity that North Korea may want to resume dialogue with the United States and/or South Korea to seek a partial sanctions relief and other things. We should not give up the North's denuclearization because if we do that, this will make North Korea believe that their strategy of nuclear coercion works and could lead the country to make miscalculations and become more aggressive.”

author
Deputy director of the Korea Chair at the Washington-based think tank, Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS)
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“My view is that Pyongyang has not yet received any proposal which it sees as meeting its two criteria, which it made clear through North Korea's ambassador to the United Nations in New York in September 2020. They said any proposal for talks must make possible economic modernization and show them respect. The Audacious Initiative proposed by the Yoon Suk-yeol administration offers modernization but does not show the North respect, as it is effectively another form of aid package.”

author
U.K. social entrepreneur who was behind forging a path to help overcome apartheid in South Africa and other peacebuilding efforts in the continent
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“Targeting senior officials inside North Korea responsible for WMD and missile activities and working with South Korea and Japan are important, but it is an inadequate and symbolic response to 60+ missile tests, including 8 ICBM tests. The Biden administration should sanction Pyongyang's revenue and force Kim Jong Un to make difficult decisions about his strategic priorities.”

author
Senior director of Foundation for Defense of Democracies' Nonproliferation and Biodefense Program and a senior fellow at Foundation for Defense of Democracies
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“The U.S. should be mindful that no matter how desperately it may seek to disarm (North Korea), it can never deprive (North Korea) of its right to self-defense and that the more hell-bent it gets on the anti-(North Korea) acts, it will face a more fatal security crisis.”

author
North Korean politician serving as the Deputy Director of the United Front Department of the Workers' Party of Korea
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“They have not sent out vessels with telemetry capabilities to track missiles coming down into the water. And because we have not seen this re-entry capability, some people say North Korea doesn't know how to do it. But I believe they probably can, that their engineers, their scientists are capable. And they've done so many missile tests that even though they haven't had a reentry test, per se, they probably can do it.”

author
Associate fellow at the International Institute for Strategic Studies
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“Given that South Korea and the United States are conducting a combined air exercise, regarded as the strongest deterrence against the North Korean threats, the missile launch during the ongoing drills indicates the North has strong confidence in its nuclear capability. Since Sept. 25, North Korea has kept firing missiles ― even during China's important party congress. In addition, the North had staged military provocations in consideration of South Korea's domestic situation to some extent, but the missile launch during the South's mourning period of the Itaewon crowd crush, means that it will only focus on gaining recognition as a nuclear weapons state without taking anything into consideration before holding negotiations with the U.S. on the nuclear issue. To this end, North Korea is widely expected to ratchet up tensions further on the peninsula.”

author
Professor of North Korean studies at Ewha Womans University
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“Everybody is holding its breath about this, because another nuclear test would be yet another confirmation of a program which is moving full steam ahead, in a way that is incredibly, incredibly concerning. Further tests, of course, means that they are refining the preparations and the construction of their arsenal. So we are following this very, very closely. We hope it doesn't happen, but indications unfortunately go in another direction.”

author
Chief of the International Atomic Energy Agency
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“Pyongyang's politics of blaming external threats and projecting confidence in military capabilities can motivate greater risk taking. North Korean probing of South Korean perimeter defenses could lead to a serious exchange of fire and unintended escalation.”

author
Professor at Ewha University in Seoul
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“It was unusual that the North announced that it was reacting to a 10-hour long artillery drill. It seems like the shelling was aimed at testing whether Seoul really thinks about breaking the military agreement. If the North dared to ignore the agreement, it can simply arm its soldiers in the Demilitarized Zone. Many South Korean politicians assume that the North is staging the military actions with some great purpose in mind, but there are fair chances that Pyongyang is just responding to Seoul's stance of enhancing extended deterrence with the U.S. If we look into the situation from North Korea's shoes, South Korea's new Yoon government abruptly started to mention extended deterrence. Then, it brought a U.S. aircraft carrier for naval drills, so the North also started to react. And now, South Korea is talking about deploying U.S. nuclear weapons or developing its own warheads. I'm not trying to justify the North's military actions, but it is questionable whether the current spiral of provocation-punishment is helpful in controlling the situation of the Korean Peninsula. The North has become confident about its weapon system. Unlike in the past, there will not be a breather if the two sides keep raising tensions.”

author
Senior researcher at the state-run Korea Institute for National Unification
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“There seems to be no clear purpose for the recent actions. In the past, we used to say there is an equation that the North's provocations are aimed at greater leverage in talks. However, the recent moves are not the case. In the past, the North's strategy and goal was gaining U.S. recognition as a nuclear state and lifting the sanctions that are hampering its trade. However, North Korea is now assumed to have produced many nuclear weapons and there is less attractiveness in gaining such recognition. Rather, the recent moves are assumed to be aimed at gaining international attention for its seventh nuclear test with missile launches and other provocations, and showing its force to the world. Bragging about its nuclear forces seems to be the ultimate purpose of the recent moves.”

author
Research fellow at the Asan Institute for Policy Studies
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“North Korea's cruise missiles, air force, and tactical nuclear devices are probably much less capable than propaganda suggests. But it would be a mistake to dismiss North Korea's recent weapons testing spree as bluster or sabre-rattling. Pyongyang's military threats are a chronic and worsening problem for peace and stability in Asia that must not be ignored. Policymakers in Seoul, Tokyo and Washington should not allow domestic politics and other challenges such as Russia's war in Ukraine to prevent them from increasing international coordination on military deterrence and economic sanctions.”

author
Professor at Ewha University in Seoul
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“The country should continue to expand the operational sphere of the nuclear strategic armed forces to resolutely deter any crucial military crisis and war crisis at any time and completely take the initiative in it.”

author
Leader of North Korea
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