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  • Theresa Fallon
    Theresa Fallon “Many people would like to see China play a constructive role, but I think now that we're in the third year of the war, this idea is wearing a bit thin.” 3 hours ago
  • Mahjoob Zweiri
    Mahjoob Zweiri “What we have witnessed in the past few hours is that they talk about an agreement on the first stage. It could be understood that Hamas wants to release itself from the pressure globally, including the United States. So, they are giving concessions on the first stage, which leads to 40 days of ceasefire and exchange of captives. I think 33 old and sick captives. And then moving on to other stages. But we are seeing that we are going back to the main conditions, which means we are still talking about the main principles [complete ceasefire and withdrawal of Israeli forces from Gaza] that Hamas talked about. As the time of some sort of agreement on the first stage came, the Israeli military and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu came to say actually, there is no agreement: We will go to Rafah regardless of any agreement. It reflects the divisions within the Israelis and crisis within the Israeli politics. On the other hand, Hamas has been more cautious. They do not want to show real progress made but they also do not want to say things have not changed. I think it's obvious some change has happened otherwise we would not expect [CIA chief] William Burns to be in the region.” 3 hours ago
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Russia - Turkey relations

Page with all the IPSEs stored in the archive related to the Context Russia - Turkey relations.
The IPSEs are presented in chronological order based on when the IPSEs have been pronounced.

Dmitry Peskov
Dmitry Peskov

“We understand and respect Turkey's concerns about ensuring its own security. We believe this is Turkey's legitimate right. At the same time, we call on all parties to refrain from steps that could lead to the destabilisation of the overall situation.”

author
Kremlin spokesman
22 Nov 2022 2 2
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Kerim Has
Kerim Has

“Erdogan wants a green light for a military operation in Syria. As we saw at the Tehran summit, Iran and Russia are against this operation but I think Erdogan can persuade Putin. Many things depend on the domestic situation in Turkey because Erdogan wants to launch the operation before the elections so he can consolidate at least a few percentage points in the vote.”

author
Turkish political analyst based in Moscow
04 Aug 2022 5 4
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Eyup Ersoy
Eyup Ersoy

“By virtue of its role in the grain deal, Turkey has succeeded in positioning itself as Russia's diplomatic conduit to the international community. This diplomatic rearrangement has shifted the relational asymmetry more in Turkey's favour and is expected to curtail, to some degree, Russian resistance against Turkish policies and initiatives in issues of common concern.”

author
Visiting research fellow at the Institute of Middle Eastern Studies, King’s College London
04 Aug 2022 1 1
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Giorgio Cafiero
Giorgio Cafiero

“It is important to interpret Putin and Erdogan's trip to Iran within the context of increased East-West bifurcation following the Ukraine war. As the war rages and Russia's economy has taken a hit from Western sanctions, Moscow seeks stronger ties with non-Western countries that do not support the measures. There is a strong message being sent to Washington about Moscow, Tehran, and Ankara's desires to work together without US policies, positions, and agendas being imposed on them.”

author
CEO and founder of the geopolitical risk consulting firm Gulf State Analytics
18 Jul 2022 5 3
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Maria Zakharova
Maria Zakharova

“We hope that Ankara will refrain from actions that could lead to a dangerous deterioration of the already difficult situation in Syria. Such a move, in the absence of the agreement of the legitimate government of the Syrian Arab Republic, would be a direct violation of Syria's sovereignty and territorial integrity and would cause a further escalation of tensions in Syria.”

author
Russia's foreign ministry spokeswoman
02 Jun 2022 2 2
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Madalina Vicari
Madalina Vicari

“Russia has an interest to maintain its geopolitical clout with Turkey through energy interdependence. Also Russia wants to prove that she still can deliver on nuclear exports despite the sanctions. Ultimately, if the first unit is not ready in 2023, there will be huge disappointment from the Turkish side and that disappointment, most likely, will translate into Turkey's foreign policy approach to Russia.”

author
Expert on energy geopolitics at the Eurasian Energy Chamber
16 May 2022 4 4
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Sinan Ulgen
Sinan Ulgen

“The Akkuyu project is the first in the global nuclear industry based on a build-own-operate model. It means Russia is responsible for all capital expenses during the construction phase. With sanctions, this model is at risk because it is more difficult for Russia to allocate funding. There is now more pressure on its international reserves - half of them have been frozen - so whether Russia can continue to spend these amounts for a reactor in Turkey is unclear. Russia is likely to pressure Turkey to find local companies to take up to a 49 percent stake in Akkuyu.”

author
Director of the Istanbul-based Centre for Economics and Foreign Policy Studies
16 May 2022 5 5
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Gul Gul
Gul Gul

“We sell seven to eight units to Russians every day. They are wealthy Russians but not oligarchs. They are finding ways to bring their money to Turkey. There are customers buying three to five flats.”

author
Co-founder of the Golden Sign real estate company in Istanbul
28 Mar 2022 5 3
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Maxim Suchkov
Maxim Suchkov

“Turkey sees Russia as a resource it can use to strengthen its strategic sovereignty, while Russia sees Turkey as a tool for increasing its own authority as a great power.”

author
Expert at Russian International Affairs Council
29 Sep 2021 3 2
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Ozgur Unluhisarcikli
Ozgur Unluhisarcikli

“At the individual level of analysis, President Erdogan perceives a threat from the US thinking that it is intentionally undermining him with the ultimate goal of removing him from power. This frustration and threat perception leads President Erdogan to seek a counterbalancing alliance with Russia against the US. However, it also puts Turkey in an extremely weak position towards Russia with which it has more competing interests than common ground.”

author
Director of the German Marshall Fund of the United States’ office in Ankara
29 Sep 2021 4 3
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Galip Dalay
Galip Dalay

“In Washington, Turkey's purchase of S400 missile systems is not solely seen as the purchase of a defence system, rather it is perceived as a manifestation of Turkey's geopolitical identity increasingly shifting from the West and moving closer to Russia and China.”

author
Associate Fellow at Chatham House and researcher at the University of Oxford
29 Sep 2021 8 4
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Recep Tayyip Erdogan
Recep Tayyip Erdogan

“Now with these positive signals [from Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian], we will take some steps in this regard. I hope we will have the opportunity to move the region toward peace. In my meeting with Mr. Putin, these will of course be discussed. In this way, I hope we will enter a much stronger and new period in Turkey-Russia relations.”

author
Turkish President
24 Sep 2021 6 4
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Richard Giragosian
Richard Giragosian

“The only thing we see on the ground is that Armenia has allowed Turkish Airlines to fly to Baku directly over Armenia. This is important as a gesture as Turkish airspace remains closed to Armenian flights. Now the burden is on Turkey. Pashinyan's [Nikol Pashinyan] statements, however unpopular they may be in Armenia, are positive. So now the expectation is on Turkey to make a move. It's in Turkey's interests to use normalisation with Armenia to gain a seat at the table with Russia for post-war regional configuration.”

author
Director of the think tank the Regional Studies Center in Yerevan (Armenia)
02 Sep 2021 5 2
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Sergey Lavrov
Sergey Lavrov

“We strongly recommend that our Turkish colleagues carefully analyse the situation and stop fuelling Kyiv's militaristic sentiment. We hope Ankara will adjust its line based on our legitimate concerns.”

author
Russian Foreign Minister
24 May 2021 2 3
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Anna Mikulska
Anna Mikulska

“The relationship has been tilted towards Russia because Turkish goods are easier to replace for Russia than Russian imports for Turkey. That has changed significantly in the last two or three years based on developments in the natural gas market that Turkey has taken advantage of strategically, becoming a transit territory of gas not just from Russia but also Azerbaijan. Turkey has also built LNG [liquefied natural gas] terminals and is importing a lot of LNG, which has increased its position vis-a-vis Russia. Russia can't afford to lose Turkey either as a transit territory or a market for gas. Turkey sees that and is able to extract benefits from it.”

author
Energy expert at Rice University’s Baker Institute for Public Policy in Houston
20 Apr 2021 4 2
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Gonul Tol
Gonul Tol

“There's a close defence partnership that Turkey has cultivated with Ukraine in the last five to six years, which is really important to the Ukraine. But Russia considers [the eastern Ukrainian region of] Donbas a part of Greater Russia, it's right on the border. In the mindset of Putin, Ukraine represents a much more important space. That means he's going to be more aggressive in defending what he considers his sovereign rights.”

author
Director of the Washington-based Middle East Institute’s Turkey programme
20 Apr 2021 2 4
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Sergey Lavrov
Sergey Lavrov

“Relations between Russia and Turkey are self-sustainable and self-sufficient, they don’t depend on someone’s aggressive and hostile actions and whims. They [their relations] are based on the national interests of each of our countries and on our determination to continue mutual cooperation and mutual benefit by searching for a balance of interests.”

author
Russian Foreign Minister
29 Dec 2020 1 1
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Sinan Ulgen
Sinan Ulgen

“Turkey is realistic in the sense that, in Karabakh, the aim is not to eliminate Russian influence. It’s to gain influence, so that Turkey acquires leverage over Russia that it could potentially use in Syria or in Libya.”

author
Former Turkish diplomat who now chairs the Istanbul-based think-tank Center for Economics and Foreign Policy Studies (Edam)
30 Oct 2020 4 5
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Dmitry Peskov
Dmitry Peskov

“[Our] Turkish associates explained that everything will be maintained in the best possible way, and that everyone will be able to visit Hagia Sophia. In addition, I must say, there were quite expensive tickets for Hagia Sophia. And now there will be no tickets, admission will be free. In this respect, this will benefit our tourists.”

author
Kremlin spokesman
17 Jul 2020 3 3
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